rbdlsim/3rdparty/rbdl/python/rbdl-wrapper.pyx

#cython: c_string_type=unicode, c_string_encoding=default, boundscheck=False, embedsignature=True 

import numpy as np
cimport numpy as np
from libc.stdint cimport uintptr_t
from libcpp.string cimport string

cimport crbdl

##############################
#
# Linear Algebra Types
#
##############################

cdef class Vector3d:
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0, pyvalues=None):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

            if pyvalues is not None:
                for i in range (3):
                    self.thisptr.data()[i] = pyvalues[i]
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.Vector3d*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Vector3d [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}]".format (
                self.thisptr.data()[0], self.thisptr.data()[1], self.thisptr.data()[2])

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            return [self.thisptr.data()[i] for i in xrange(*key.indices(len(self)))]
        else:
            return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return 3

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return Vector3d (address)

    @classmethod
    def fromPythonArray (cls, python_values):
        return Vector3d (0, python_values)

cdef class Matrix3d:
    cdef crbdl.Matrix3d *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0, pyvalues=None):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.Matrix3d()

            if pyvalues is not None:
                for i in range (3):
                    for j in range (3):
                        (&(self.thisptr.coeff(i,j)))[0] = pyvalues[i,j]
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.Matrix3d*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Matrix3d [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}]".format (
                self.thisptr.data()[0], self.thisptr.data()[1], self.thisptr.data()[2])

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return 3

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return Matrix3d (address)

    @classmethod
    def fromPythonArray (cls, python_values):
        return Matrix3d (0, python_values)


cdef class VectorNd:
    cdef crbdl.VectorNd *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, ndim, uintptr_t address=0, pyvalues=None):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.VectorNd(ndim)

            if pyvalues is not None:
                for i in range (ndim):
                    self.thisptr.data()[i] = pyvalues[i]
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.VectorNd*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            return [self.thisptr.data()[i] for i in xrange(*key.indices(len(self)))]
        else:
            return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return self.thisptr.rows()

    def toNumpy (self):
        result = np.ndarray (self.thisptr.rows())
        for i in range (0, self.thisptr.rows()):
            result[i] = self.thisptr[0][i]
        return result

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPythonArray (cls, python_values):
        return VectorNd (len(python_values), 0, python_values)

    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        cdef crbdl.VectorNd* vector_ptr = <crbdl.VectorNd*> address
        return VectorNd (vector_ptr.rows(), <uintptr_t> address)

cdef class Quaternion:
    cdef crbdl.Quaternion *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0, pyvalues=None, pymatvalues=None):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.Quaternion()

            if pyvalues is not None:
                for i in range (4):
                    self.thisptr.data()[i] = pyvalues[i]
            elif pymatvalues is not None:
                mat = Matrix3d()
                for i in range (3):
                    for j in range (3):
                        (&(mat.thisptr.coeff(i,j)))[0] = pymatvalues[i,j]
                self.thisptr[0] = crbdl.fromMatrix (mat.thisptr[0])
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.Quaternion*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "Quaternion [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4}]".format (
                self.thisptr.data()[0], self.thisptr.data()[1],
                self.thisptr.data()[2], self.thisptr.data()[3])

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            return [self.thisptr.data()[i] for i in xrange(*key.indices(len(self)))]
        else:
            return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return 4

    def toMatrix(self):
        cdef crbdl.Matrix3d mat
        mat = self.thisptr.toMatrix()
        result = np.array ([3,3])
        for i in range (3):
            for j in range (3):
                result[i,j] = mat.coeff(i,j)

        return result

    def toNumpy(self):
        result = np.ndarray (self.thisptr.rows())
        for i in range (0, self.thisptr.rows()):
            result[i] = self.thisptr[0][i]
        return result

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return Quaternion (address)

    @classmethod
    def fromPythonArray (cls, python_values):
        return Quaternion (0, python_values)

    @classmethod
    def fromPythonMatrix (cls, python_matrix_values):
        return Quaternion (0, None, python_matrix_values)

cdef class SpatialVector:
    cdef crbdl.SpatialVector *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0, pyvalues=None):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.SpatialVector()

            if pyvalues is not None:
                for i in range (6):
                    self.thisptr.data()[i] = pyvalues[i]
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.SpatialVector*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "SpatialVector [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}]".format (
                self.thisptr.data()[0], self.thisptr.data()[1], self.thisptr.data()[2],
                self.thisptr.data()[3], self.thisptr.data()[4], self.thisptr.data()[5])

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            return [self.thisptr.data()[i] for i in xrange(*key.indices(len(self)))]
        else:
            return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return 6

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return SpatialVector (address)

    @classmethod
    def fromPythonArray (cls, python_values):
        return SpatialVector (0, python_values)

cdef class SpatialMatrix:
    cdef crbdl.SpatialMatrix *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.SpatialMatrix()
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.SpatialMatrix*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "SpatialMatrix [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}]".format (
                self.thisptr.data()[0], self.thisptr.data()[1], self.thisptr.data()[2],
                self.thisptr.data()[3], self.thisptr.data()[4], self.thisptr.data()[5])

    def __getitem__(self, key):
        return self.thisptr.data()[key]

    def __setitem__(self, key, value):
        if isinstance( key, slice ) :
            #Get the start, stop, and step from the slice
            src_index = 0
            for i in xrange (*key.indices(len(self))):
                self.thisptr.data()[i] = value[src_index]
                src_index = src_index + 1
        else:
            self.thisptr.data()[key] = value

    def __len__ (self):
        return 6

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return SpatialMatrix (address)

##############################
#
# Conversion Numpy <-> Eigen
#
##############################

# Vector3d
cdef crbdl.Vector3d NumpyToVector3d (np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] x):
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d cx = crbdl.Vector3d()
    for i in range (3):
        cx[i] = x[i]

    return cx

cdef np.ndarray Vector3dToNumpy (crbdl.Vector3d cx):
    result = np.ndarray ((cx.rows()))
    for i in range (cx.rows()):
        result[i] = cx[i]

    return result

cdef np.ndarray Matrix3dToNumpy (crbdl.Matrix3d cM):
    result = np.ndarray ([3, 3])
    for i in range (3):
        for j in range (3):
            result[i,j] = cM.coeff(i,j)

    return result

# VectorNd
cdef crbdl.VectorNd NumpyToVectorNd (np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] x):
    cdef crbdl.VectorNd cx = crbdl.VectorNd(x.shape[0])
    for i in range (x.shape[0]):
        cx[i] = x[i]

    return cx

cdef np.ndarray VectorNdToNumpy (crbdl.VectorNd cx):
    result = np.ndarray ((cx.rows()))
    for i in range (cx.rows()):
        result[i] = cx[i]

    return result

# MatrixNd
cdef crbdl.MatrixNd NumpyToMatrixNd (np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] M):
    cdef crbdl.MatrixNd cM = crbdl.MatrixNd(M.shape[0], M.shape[1])
    for i in range (M.shape[0]):
        for j in range (M.shape[1]):
            (&(cM.coeff(i,j)))[0] = M[i,j]

    return cM

cdef np.ndarray MatrixNdToNumpy (crbdl.MatrixNd cM):
    result = np.ndarray ([cM.rows(), cM.cols()])
    for i in range (cM.rows()):
        for j in range (cM.cols()):
            result[i,j] = cM.coeff(i,j)

    return result

# SpatialVector
cdef np.ndarray SpatialVectorToNumpy (crbdl.SpatialVector cx):
    result = np.ndarray ((cx.rows()))
    for i in range (cx.rows()):
        result[i] = cx[i]

    return result

cdef crbdl.Quaternion NumpyToQuaternion (np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] x):
    cdef crbdl.Quaternion cx = crbdl.Quaternion()
    for i in range (3):
        cx[i] = x[i]

    return cx

cdef np.ndarray QuaternionToNumpy (crbdl.Quaternion cx):
    result = np.ndarray ((cx.rows()))
    for i in range (cx.rows()):
        result[i] = cx[i]

    return result

##############################
#
# Spatial Algebra Types
#
##############################

cdef class SpatialTransform:
    cdef crbdl.SpatialTransform *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0):
         if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.SpatialTransform()
         else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.SpatialTransform*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "SpatialTransform E = [ [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}], [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}], [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}] ], r = [{:3.4f}, {:3.4f}, {:3.4f}]".format (
                self.thisptr.E.coeff(0,0), self.thisptr.E.coeff(0,1), self.thisptr.E.coeff(0,2),
                self.thisptr.E.coeff(1,0), self.thisptr.E.coeff(1,1), self.thisptr.E.coeff(1,2),
                self.thisptr.E.coeff(2,0), self.thisptr.E.coeff(2,1), self.thisptr.E.coeff(2,2),
                self.thisptr.r[0], self.thisptr.r[1], self.thisptr.r[2])

    property E:
        """ Rotational part of the SpatialTransform. """
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3,3))
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    result[i,j] = self.thisptr.E.coeff(i,j)

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    (&(self.thisptr.E.coeff(i,j)))[0] = value[i,j]

    property r:
        """ Translational part of the SpatialTransform. """
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3))
            for i in range (3):
                result[i] = self.thisptr.r[i]

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                (&(self.thisptr.r[i]))[0] = value[i]

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return SpatialTransform (address)

cdef class SpatialRigidBodyInertia:
    cdef crbdl.SpatialRigidBodyInertia *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.SpatialRigidBodyInertia()
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.SpatialRigidBodyInertia*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "rbdl.SpatialRigidBodyInertia (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return SpatialRigidBodyInertia (address)

    property m:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.m

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.m = value

    property h:
        """ Translational part of the SpatialRigidBodyInertia. """
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3))
            for i in range (3):
                result[i] = self.thisptr.h[i]

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                (&(self.thisptr.h[i]))[0] = value[i]

    property Ixx:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Ixx

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Ixx = value

    property Iyx:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Iyx

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Iyx = value

    property Iyy:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Iyy

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Iyy = value

    property Izx:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Izx

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Izx = value

    property Izy:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Izy

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Izy = value

    property Izz:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.Izz

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.Izz = value

##############################
#
# Rigid Multibody Types
#
##############################

cdef class Body:
    cdef crbdl.Body *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, **kwargs):
        cdef double c_mass
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_com
        cdef crbdl.Matrix3d c_inertia
        cdef uintptr_t address=0

        if "address" in kwargs.keys():
            address=kwargs["address"]
        mass = None
        if "mass" in kwargs.keys():
            mass=kwargs["mass"]
        com = None
        if "com" in kwargs.keys():
            com=kwargs["com"]
        inertia = None
        if "inertia" in kwargs.keys():
            inertia=kwargs["inertia"]

        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            if (mass is not None) and (com is not None) and (inertia is not None):
                c_mass = mass

                for i in range (3):
                    c_com[i] = com[i]

                for i in range (3):
                    for j in range (3):
                        (&(c_inertia.coeff(i,j)))[0] = inertia[i,j]

                self.thisptr = new crbdl.Body(c_mass, c_com, c_inertia)
            else:
                self.thisptr = new crbdl.Body()
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.Body*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "rbdl.Body (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return Body (address=address)

    @classmethod
    def fromMassComInertia(cls, double mass,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1] com,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=2] inertia):

        return Body (address=0, mass=mass, com=com, inertia=inertia)

    # Properties
    property mMass:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mMass

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.mMass = value

    property mCenterOfMass:
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3))
            for i in range (3):
                result[i] = self.thisptr.mCenterOfMass[i]

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                (&(self.thisptr.mCenterOfMass[i]))[0] = value[i]

    property mInertia:
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3,3))
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    result[i,j] = self.thisptr.mInertia.coeff(i,j)

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    (&(self.thisptr.mInertia.coeff(i,j)))[0] = value[i,j]

    property mIsVirtual:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mIsVirtual

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.mIsVirtual = value

cdef class FixedBody:
    cdef crbdl.FixedBody *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            self.thisptr = new crbdl.FixedBody()
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.FixedBody*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "rbdl.FixedBody (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return FixedBody (address)

    # Properties
    property mMass:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mMass

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.mMass = value

    property mCenterOfMass:
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3))
            for i in range (3):
                result[i] = self.thisptr.mCenterOfMass[i]

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                (&(self.thisptr.mCenterOfMass[i]))[0] = value[i]

    property mInertia:
        def __get__ (self):
            result = np.ndarray ((3,3))
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    result[i,j] = self.thisptr.mInertia.coeff(i,j)

            return result

        def __set__ (self, value):
            for i in range (3):
                for j in range (3):
                    (&(self.thisptr.mInertia.coeff(i,j)))[0] = value[i,j]

cdef enum JointType:
    JointTypeUndefined = 0
    JointTypeRevolute
    JointTypePrismatic
    JointTypeRevoluteX
    JointTypeRevoluteY
    JointTypeRevoluteZ
    JointTypeSpherical
    JointTypeEulerZYX
    JointTypeEulerXYZ
    JointTypeEulerYXZ
    JointTypeTranslationXYZ
    JointTypeFloatingBase
    JointTypeFixed
    JointTypeHelical
    JointType1DoF
    JointType2DoF
    JointType3DoF
    JointType4DoF
    JointType5DoF
    JointType6DoF
    JointTypeCustom

cdef class Joint:
    cdef crbdl.Joint *thisptr
    cdef free_on_dealloc

    joint_type_map = {
            JointTypeUndefined: "JointTypeUndefined",
            JointTypeRevolute: "JointTypeRevolute",
            JointTypePrismatic: "JointTypePrismatic",
            JointTypeRevoluteX: "JointTypeRevoluteX",
            JointTypeRevoluteY: "JointTypeRevoluteY",
            JointTypeRevoluteZ: "JointTypeRevoluteZ",
            JointTypeSpherical: "JointTypeSpherical",
            JointTypeEulerZYX: "JointTypeEulerZYX",
            JointTypeEulerXYZ: "JointTypeEulerXYZ",
            JointTypeEulerYXZ: "JointTypeEulerYXZ",
            JointTypeTranslationXYZ: "JointTypeTranslationXYZ",
            JointTypeFloatingBase: "JointTypeFloatingBase",
            JointTypeFixed: "JointTypeFixed",
            JointTypeHelical: "JointTypeHelical",
            JointType1DoF: "JointType1DoF",
            JointType2DoF: "JointType2DoF",
            JointType3DoF: "JointType3DoF",
            JointType4DoF: "JointType4DoF",
            JointType5DoF: "JointType5DoF",
            JointType6DoF: "JointType6DoF",
            JointTypeCustom: "JointTypeCustom",
            }

    def _joint_type_from_str (self, joint_type_str):
        if joint_type_str not in self.joint_type_map.values():
            raise ValueError("Invalid JointType '" + str(joint_type_str) + "'!")
        else:
            for joint_type, joint_str in self.joint_type_map.iteritems():
                if joint_str == joint_type_str:
                    return joint_type

    def __cinit__(self, uintptr_t address=0, joint_type=-1):
        if address == 0:
            self.free_on_dealloc = True
            if joint_type == -1:
                self.thisptr = new crbdl.Joint()
            else:
                self.thisptr = new crbdl.Joint(self._joint_type_from_str(joint_type))
        else:
            self.free_on_dealloc = False
            self.thisptr = <crbdl.Joint*>address

    def __dealloc__(self):
        if self.free_on_dealloc:
            del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        joint_type_str = "JointTypeUndefined"

        if self.thisptr.mJointType in self.joint_type_map.keys():
            joint_type_str = self.joint_type_map[self.thisptr.mJointType]

        return "rbdl.Joint (0x{:0x}), JointType: {:s}".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr, joint_type_str)

    # Constructors
    @classmethod
    def fromPointer(cls, uintptr_t address):
        return Joint (address)

    @classmethod
    def fromJointType(cls, joint_type):
        return Joint (0, joint_type)

    @classmethod
    def fromJointAxes(cls, axes):
        assert (len(axes) > 0)
        assert (len(axes[0]) == 6)
        axes_count = len(axes)
        joint_type = JointType1DoF + axes_count - 1

        result = Joint (0, cls.joint_type_map[joint_type])

        for i in range (axes_count):
            result.setJointAxis(i, axes[i])

        return result

    property mDoFCount:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mDoFCount

        def __set__ (self, value):
            self.thisptr.mDoFCount = value

    property mJointType:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.joint_type_map[self.thisptr.mJointType]

    property q_index:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.q_index

    def getJointAxis (self, index):
        assert index >= 0 and index < self.thisptr.mDoFCount, "Invalid joint axis index!"
        return SpatialVectorToNumpy (self.thisptr.mJointAxes[index])

    def setJointAxis (self, index, value):
        assert index >= 0 and index < self.thisptr.mDoFCount, "Invalid joint axis index!"
        for i in range (6):
            (&(self.thisptr.mJointAxes[index][i]))[0] = value[i]
            self.thisptr.mJointAxes[index][i]

cdef class Model

%VectorWrapperClassDefinitions(PARENT=Model)%

cdef class Model:
    cdef crbdl.Model *thisptr
    %VectorWrapperMemberDefinitions (PARENT=Model)%

    def __cinit__(self):
        self.thisptr = new crbdl.Model()
        %VectorWrapperCInitCode (PARENT=Model)%

    def __dealloc__(self):
        del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "rbdl.Model (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    def AddBody (self,
            parent_id,
            SpatialTransform joint_frame not None,
            Joint joint not None,
            Body body not None,
            string body_name = b""):
        return self.thisptr.AddBody (
                parent_id,
                joint_frame.thisptr[0],
                joint.thisptr[0],
                body.thisptr[0],
                body_name
                )

    def AppendBody (self,
            SpatialTransform joint_frame not None,
            Joint joint not None,
            Body body not None,
            string body_name = b""):
        return self.thisptr.AppendBody (
                joint_frame.thisptr[0],
                joint.thisptr[0],
                body.thisptr[0],
                body_name
                )

    def SetQuaternion (self,
            unsigned int body_id,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] quat,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q):
        quat_wrap = Quaternion.fromPythonArray (quat)
        q_wrap = VectorNd.fromPythonArray (q)
        self.thisptr.SetQuaternion (body_id,
            (<Quaternion>quat_wrap).thisptr[0],
            (<VectorNd>q_wrap).thisptr[0])
        for i in range(len(q)):
            q[i] = q_wrap[i]

    def GetQuaternion (self,
            unsigned int body_id,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q):
        return QuaternionToNumpy (self.thisptr.GetQuaternion(body_id, NumpyToVectorNd (q)))

    def GetBody (self, index):
        return Body (address=<uintptr_t> &(self.thisptr.mBodies[index]))

    def GetParentBodyId (self, index):
        return self.thisptr.GetParentBodyId(index)

    def GetBodyId (self, name):
        return self.thisptr.GetBodyId(name)

    def GetBodyName (self, index):
        return self.thisptr.GetBodyName(index)

    def IsBodyId (self, index):
        return self.thisptr.IsBodyId(index)

    def IsFixedBodyId (self, index):
        return self.thisptr.IsFixedBodyId(index)

    property dof_count:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.dof_count

    property q_size:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.q_size

    property qdot_size:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.qdot_size

    property previously_added_body_id:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.previously_added_body_id

    property gravity:
        def __get__ (self):
            return np.array ([
                self.thisptr.gravity[0],
                self.thisptr.gravity[1],
                self.thisptr.gravity[2]
                ]
                )
        def __set__ (self, values):
            for i in range (0,3):
                self.thisptr.gravity[i] = values[i]

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=v, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=a, PARENT=Model)%

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=Joint, MEMBER=mJoints, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=S, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=v_J, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=c_J, PARENT=Model)%

    property mJointUpdateOrder:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mJointUpdateOrder

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialTransform, MEMBER=X_T, PARENT=Model)%

    property mFixedJointCount:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.mFixedJointCount

    # TODO
    # multdof3_S
    # multdof3_U
    # multdof3_Dinv
    # multdof3_u

    property multdof3_w_index:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.multdof3_w_index

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=c, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialMatrix, MEMBER=IA, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=pA, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=U, PARENT=Model)%

    # TODO
    # d
    # u

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=f, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialRigidBodyInertia, MEMBER=I, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialRigidBodyInertia, MEMBER=Ic, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialVector, MEMBER=hc, PARENT=Model)%

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialTransform, MEMBER=X_lambda, PARENT=Model)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=SpatialTransform, MEMBER=X_base, PARENT=Model)%

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=FixedBody, MEMBER=mFixedBodies, PARENT=Model)%

    property fixed_body_discriminator:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.fixed_body_discriminator

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=Body, MEMBER=mBodies, PARENT=Model)%

##############################
#
# Constraint Types
#
##############################

cdef class ConstraintSet

%VectorWrapperClassDefinitions(PARENT=ConstraintSet)%

cdef class ConstraintSet:
    cdef crbdl.ConstraintSet *thisptr
    %VectorWrapperMemberDefinitions (PARENT=ConstraintSet)%

    def __cinit__(self):
        self.thisptr = new crbdl.ConstraintSet()
        %VectorWrapperCInitCode (PARENT=ConstraintSet)%

    def __dealloc__(self):
        del self.thisptr

    def __repr__(self):
        return "rbdl.ConstraintSet (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    def AddContactConstraint (self,
            body_id not None,
            body_point not None,
            world_normal not None,
            constraint_name = None,
            normal_acceleration = 0.):
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_body_point
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_world_normal
        cdef char* constraint_name_ptr

        for i in range (3):
            c_body_point[i] = body_point[i]
            c_world_normal[i] = world_normal[i]

        if constraint_name is None:
            constraint_name_ptr = NULL
        else:
            constraint_name_ptr = constraint_name

        return self.thisptr.AddContactConstraint (
                body_id,
                c_body_point,
                c_world_normal,
                constraint_name_ptr,
                normal_acceleration
                )

    def AddLoopConstraint (self,
            id_predecessor not None,
            id_successor not None,
            SpatialTransform X_predecessor not None,
            SpatialTransform X_successor not None,
            SpatialVector axis not None,
            enable_stabilization = False,
            stabilization_param = 0.1,
            constraint_name = None):
        cdef char* constraint_name_ptr

        if constraint_name is None:
            constraint_name_ptr = NULL
        else:
            constraint_name_ptr = constraint_name

        return self.thisptr.AddLoopConstraint (
            id_predecessor,
            id_successor,
            X_predecessor.thisptr[0],
            X_successor.thisptr[0],
            axis.thisptr[0],
            enable_stabilization,
            stabilization_param,
            constraint_name_ptr)

    def Bind (self, model):
        return self.thisptr.Bind ((<Model>model).thisptr[0])

    def size (self):
        return self.thisptr.size()

    def clear (self):
        self.thisptr.clear()

    property bound:
        def __get__ (self):
            return self.thisptr.bound

#    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=string, MEMBER=name, PARENT=ConstraintSet)%

    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=Vector3d, MEMBER=point, PARENT=ConstraintSet)%
    %VectorWrapperAddProperty (TYPE=Vector3d, MEMBER=normal, PARENT=ConstraintSet)%

    property force:
        def __get__ (self):
            return VectorNdToNumpy(self.thisptr.force)

#    property acceleration:
#        def __get__(self):
#            return VectorNd.fromPointer (<uintptr_t> &(self.thisptr.acceleration)).toNumpy()
#        def __set__(self, values):
#            vec = VectorNd.fromPythonArray (values)
#            self.thisptr.acceleration = <crbdl.VectorNd> (vec.thisptr[0])

cdef class InverseKinematicsConstraintSet:
    cdef crbdl.InverseKinematicsConstraintSet *thisptr
    # cdef _ConstraintSet_point_Vector3d_VectorWrapper point
    # cdef _ConstraintSet_normal_Vector3d_VectorWrapper normal

    def __cinit__(self):
        self.thisptr = new crbdl.InverseKinematicsConstraintSet()
        # self.body_points = _ConstraintSet_body_points_Vector3d_VectorWrapper (<uintptr_t> self.thisptr)
        # self.target_positions = _ConstraintSet_target_positions_Vector3d_VectorWrapper (<uintptr_t> self.thisptr)
        # self.target_orientations = _ConstraintSet_target_orientations_Vector3d_VectorWrapper (<uintptr_t> self.thisptr)

    def __dealloc__(self):
        del self.thisptr

    # def __repr__(self):
    #     return "rbdl.ConstraintSet (0x{:0x})".format(<uintptr_t><void *> self.thisptr)

    def AddPointConstraint (self,
            unsigned int body_id,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] target_pos
        ):
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_body_point
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_target_pos

        for i in range (3):
            c_body_point[i] = body_point[i]
            c_target_pos[i] = target_pos[i]

        return self.thisptr.AddPointConstraint (
                body_id,
                c_body_point,
                c_target_pos
        )

    def AddOrientationConstraint (self,
            unsigned int body_id,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] target_orientation
        ):
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_body_point
        cdef crbdl.Matrix3d c_target_orientation

        for i in range (3):
            for j in range (3):
                (&(c_target_orientation.coeff(i,j)))[0] = target_orientation[i, j]

        return self.thisptr.AddOrientationConstraint (
                body_id,
                c_target_orientation
        )

    def AddFullConstraint (self,
            unsigned int body_id,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] target_pos,
            np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] target_orientation
        ):
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_body_point
        cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_target_pos
        cdef crbdl.Matrix3d c_target_orientation

        for i in range (3):
            c_body_point[i] = body_point[i]
            c_target_pos[i] = target_pos[i]
            for j in range (3):
                (&(c_target_orientation.coeff(i,j)))[0] = target_orientation[i, j]

        return self.thisptr.AddFullConstraint (
                body_id,
                c_body_point,
                c_target_pos,
                c_target_orientation
        )

    property e:
        def __get__ (self):
            return VectorNd.fromPointer (<uintptr_t> &(self.thisptr.e)).toNumpy()

    # property damper:
    #     def __get__ (self):
    #         return self.thisptr.damper

    #     def __set__ (self, value):
    #         self.thisptr.damper = value




def InverseKinematics (
    Model model,
    np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] Qinit,
    InverseKinematicsConstraintSet CS
):
    """Compute solution for inverse kinematics for given constraint set."""
    cdef crbdl.VectorNd Qres
    Qres.resize(model.dof_count)
    res = np.zeros(model.dof_count)

    # copy over data
    # FIXME use memory views
    for i in range(model.dof_count):
        Qres[i] = 0.0

    ret = crbdl.InverseKinematics (
        model.thisptr[0],
        NumpyToVectorNd (Qinit),
        CS.thisptr[0],
        Qres
    )

    # copy over data
    # FIXME use memory views
    for i in range(model.dof_count):
        res[i] = Qres[i]

    return res
##############################
#
# Kinematics.h
#
##############################

def UpdateKinematics(
        Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot
):
    crbdl.UpdateKinematics(
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qddot)
    )

def CalcBodyToBaseCoordinates (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return Vector3dToNumpy (crbdl.CalcBodyToBaseCoordinates (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcBaseToBodyCoordinates (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return Vector3dToNumpy (crbdl.CalcBaseToBodyCoordinates (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcBodyWorldOrientation (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return Matrix3dToNumpy (crbdl.CalcBodyWorldOrientation (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            body_id,
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcPointVelocity (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return Vector3dToNumpy (crbdl.CalcPointVelocity (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcPointAcceleration (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return Vector3dToNumpy (crbdl.CalcPointAcceleration (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qddot),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcPointVelocity6D (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return SpatialVectorToNumpy (crbdl.CalcPointVelocity6D (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcPointAcceleration6D (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        update_kinematics=True):
    return SpatialVectorToNumpy (crbdl.CalcPointAcceleration6D (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qddot),
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            update_kinematics
            ))

def CalcPointJacobian (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] G,
        update_kinematics=True):
    crbdl.CalcPointJacobianPtr (
            model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            <double*>G.data,
            update_kinematics
            )

def CalcPointJacobian6D (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] G,
        update_kinematics=True):
    crbdl.CalcPointJacobian6DPtr (
            model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            body_id,
            NumpyToVector3d (body_point_position),
            <double*>G.data,
            update_kinematics
            )

def CalcBodySpatialJacobian(Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        unsigned int body_id,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] body_point_position,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] G,
        update_kinematics=True):
    crbdl.CalcBodySpatialJacobianPtr(
            model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            body_id,
            <double*>G.data,
            update_kinematics
            )

##############################
#
# rbdl_utils.h
#
##############################

def CalcCenterOfMass (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] com,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] com_velocity=None,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] com_acceleration=None,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] angular_momentum=None,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] change_of_angular_momentum=None,
        update_kinematics=True):
    cdef double cmass
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_com = crbdl.Vector3d()
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d* c_com_vel_ptr # = crbdl.Vector3d()
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d* c_com_accel_ptr # = crbdl.Vector3d()
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d* c_ang_momentum_ptr # = crbdl.Vector3d()
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d* c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr # = crbdl.Vector3d()

    c_com_vel_ptr = <crbdl.Vector3d*> NULL
    c_com_accel_ptr = <crbdl.Vector3d*> NULL
    c_ang_momentum_ptr = <crbdl.Vector3d*> NULL
    c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr = <crbdl.Vector3d*> NULL

    if com_velocity is not None:
        c_com_vel_ptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

    if com_acceleration is not None:
        c_com_accel_ptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

    if angular_momentum is not None:
        c_ang_momentum_ptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

    if change_of_angular_momentum is not None:
        c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

    cdef crbdl.VectorNd qddot_vectornd
    if qddot is not None:
        qddot_vectornd = NumpyToVectorNd(qddot) 

    cmass = 0.0
    crbdl.CalcCenterOfMass (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            <crbdl.VectorNd*> NULL if qddot is None else &qddot_vectornd,
            cmass,
            c_com,
            c_com_vel_ptr,
            c_com_accel_ptr,
            c_ang_momentum_ptr,
            c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr,
            update_kinematics)

    assert com is not None, "Parameter com for call to CalcCenterOfMass() is not provided (value is 'None')."

    com[0] = c_com[0]
    com[1] = c_com[1]
    com[2] = c_com[2]

    if com_velocity is not None:
        com_velocity[0] = c_com_vel_ptr.data()[0]
        com_velocity[1] = c_com_vel_ptr.data()[1]
        com_velocity[2] = c_com_vel_ptr.data()[2]
        del c_com_vel_ptr

    if com_acceleration is not None:
        com_acceleration[0] = c_com_accel_ptr.data()[0]
        com_acceleration[1] = c_com_accel_ptr.data()[1]
        com_acceleration[2] = c_com_accel_ptr.data()[2]
        del c_com_accel_ptr

    if angular_momentum is not None:
        angular_momentum[0] = c_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[0]
        angular_momentum[1] = c_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[1]
        angular_momentum[2] = c_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[2]
        del c_ang_momentum_ptr

    if change_of_angular_momentum is not None:
        change_of_angular_momentum[0] = c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[0]
        change_of_angular_momentum[1] = c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[1]
        change_of_angular_momentum[2] = c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr.data()[2]
        del c_change_of_ang_momentum_ptr

    return cmass

def CalcZeroMomentPoint (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] zmp,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] normal=None,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] point=None,
        update_kinematics=True):

    cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_normal = crbdl.Vector3d()
    cdef crbdl.Vector3d c_point = crbdl.Vector3d()

    cdef crbdl.Vector3d* c_zmp_ptr# = crbdl.Vector3d()
    c_zmp_ptr = new crbdl.Vector3d()

    if normal is not None:
        c_normal[0] = normal[0]
        c_normal[1] = normal[1]
        c_normal[2] = normal[2]
    else:
        c_normal[0] = 0
        c_normal[1] = 0
        c_normal[2] = 1

    if point is not None:
        c_point[0] = point[0]
        c_point[1] = point[1]
        c_point[2] = point[2]

    crbdl.CalcZeroMomentPoint (
            model.thisptr[0],
            NumpyToVectorNd (q),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qdot),
            NumpyToVectorNd (qddot),
            c_zmp_ptr,
            c_normal,
            c_point,
            update_kinematics)

    zmp[0] = c_zmp_ptr.data()[0]
    zmp[1] = c_zmp_ptr.data()[1]
    zmp[2] = c_zmp_ptr.data()[2]

    return zmp
##############################
#
# Dynamics.h
#
##############################

def InverseDynamics (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] tau):
    crbdl.InverseDynamicsPtr (model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            <double*>qdot.data,
            <double*>qddot.data,
            <double*>tau.data,
            NULL
            )

def NonlinearEffects (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] tau):
    crbdl.NonlinearEffectsPtr (model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            <double*>qdot.data,
            <double*>tau.data
            )

def CompositeRigidBodyAlgorithm (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=2, mode="c"] H,
        update_kinematics=True):
    crbdl.CompositeRigidBodyAlgorithmPtr (model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            <double*>H.data,
            update_kinematics);

def ForwardDynamics (Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] tau,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot):
    crbdl.ForwardDynamicsPtr (model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            <double*>qdot.data,
            <double*>tau.data,
            <double*>qddot.data,
            NULL
            )
##############################
#
# Constraints.h
#
##############################

def ForwardDynamicsConstraintsDirect (
        Model model,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] q,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qdot,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] tau,
        ConstraintSet CS,
        np.ndarray[double, ndim=1, mode="c"] qddot):
    crbdl.ForwardDynamicsConstraintsDirectPtr (
            model.thisptr[0],
            <double*>q.data,
            <double*>qdot.data,
            <double*>tau.data,
            CS.thisptr[0],
            <double*>qddot.data
            )

##############################
#
# Utilities
#
##############################

def loadModel (
        filename,
        **kwargs
        ):
    verbose = False
    if "verbose" in kwargs.keys():
        verbose=kwargs["verbose"]

    floating_base = False
    if "floating_base" in kwargs.keys():
        floating_base=kwargs["floating_base"]

    result = Model()
    if crbdl.rbdl_loadmodel (filename, result.thisptr, floating_base, verbose):
        return result

    print ("Error loading model {}!".format (filename))
    return None